The confusion of Agave vivipara L. and A. angustifolia Haw., two distinct taxa. Brittonia xx: 000–000. 2003.—Agave vivipara L. and A. angustifolia Haw., considered conspecific by Wijnands, are shown to be two distinct species. A previous neotypification (as a lectotypification) of A. angustifolia by Gentry is superseded because it is in conflict with the protologue; a new neotype is designated herein. The economic importance of A. angustifolia is summarized.